Rapid progress in information and communications technology (ICT) induces
improved and new telecommunications services and contributes greatly to society
in general and to vendors and network and service providers. In addition to existing
services such as telephony or leased line services, spread of ...
Changes in telecommunications are impacting all types of user
group, which include business users, traveling users, small and
home offices, and residential users. The acceptance rate of telecom-
munications and information services is accelerating significantly.
Voice services needed approximately 5 ...
The need to develop reliable microelectronic devices capable of operating at high
speeds with complex functionality requires a better understanding of the factors
that govern the thermal performance of electronics. With an increased demand
on system reliability and performance combined with miniatur ...
Fourth Generation (4G) wireless communication systems aim to allow peak data
rates in the range of 1 Gbps for nomadic access and 100 Mbps for vehicular mobil-
ity. 4G aims to support current and emergent multimedia services, such as mobile
TV, social networks and gaming, high-definition television a ...
The continuing explosive growth in mobile communication is demanding more spectrally
efficient radio access technologies than the prevalent second generation (2G) systems such as
GSM to handle just the voice traffic. We are already witnessing high levels of mobile
penetration exceeding 70% in some c ...
Visible light communications (VLC) is the name given to an optical wireless
communication system that carries information by modulating light in the visible spectrum
(400–700 nm) that is principally used for illumination [1–3]. The communications signal
is encoded on top of the illumination light. ...
Second-generation telecommunication systems, such as the Global System for Mobile
Communications (GSM), enabled voice traffic to go wireless: the number of mobile phones
exceeds the number of landline phones and the mobile phone penetration is approaching
100% in several markets. The data-handling c ...
The advent of modern wireless devices, such as smart phones and MID 1 terminals,
has revolutionized the way people think of personal connectivity. Such devices
encompass multiple applications ranging from voice and video to high-speed data
transfer via wireless networks. The voracious appetite of tw ...
Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) are believed to be a highly promising
technology and will play an increasingly important role in future
generation wireless mobile networks. WMN is characterized by
dynamic self-organization, self-configuration and self-healing to
enable quick deployment, easy maintenanc ...
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is one of the most prevalent threats to the reliability
of electronic components. It is an event in which a finite amount of charge is trans-
ferred from one object (i.e., human body) to another (i.e., microchip). This process
can result in a very high current passing t ...
