Execute a command and open file pointers for input/output proc_nice proc_terminate Program execution Functions PHP Manual proc_open (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5)proc_open — Execute a command and open file pointers for input/output Description resource proc_open ( string $cmd , array $descriptorspec , array &$pipes [, string $cwd [, array $env [, array $other_options ]]] ) proc_open() is similar to popen() but provides a much greater degree of control over the program execution. Parameters cmd The command to execute descriptorspec An indexed array where the key represents the descriptor number and the value represents how PHP will pass that descriptor to the child process. 0 is stdin, 1 is stdout, while 2 is stderr. The currently supported pipe types are file and pipe . The file descriptor numbers are not limited to 0, 1 and 2 - you may specify any valid file descriptor number and it will be passed to the child process. This allows your script to interoperate with other scripts that run as "co-processes". In particular, this is useful for passing passphrases to programs like PGP, GPG and openssl in a more secure manner. It is also useful for reading status information provided by those programs on auxiliary file descriptors. pipes Will be set to an indexed array of file pointers that correspond to PHP's end of any pipes that are created. cwd The initial working dir for the command. This must be an absolute directory path, or NULL if you want to use the default value (the working dir of the current PHP process) env An array with the environment variables for the command that will be run, or NULL to use the same environment as the current PHP process other_options Allows you to specify additional options. Currently supported options include: suppress_errors (windows only): suppresses errors generated by this function when it's set to TRUE bypass_shell (windows only): bypass cmd.exe shell when set to TRUE context: stream context used when opening files (created with stream_context_create()) binary_pipes: open pipes in binary mode, instead of using the usual stream_encoding Return Values Returns a resource representing the process, which should be freed using proc_close() when you are finished with it. On failure returns FALSE. ChangeLog Version Description 6.0.0 Added the context and binary_pipes options to the other_options parameter. 5.2.1 Added the bypass_shell option to the other_options parameter. 5.0.0 Added the cwd , env and other_options parameters. Examples Example #1 A proc_open() example <?php$descriptorspec = array( 0 => array("pipe", "r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from 1 => array("pipe", "w"), // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to 2 => array("file", "/tmp/error-output.txt", "a") // stderr is a file to write to);$cwd = '/tmp';$env = array('some_option' => 'aeiou');$process = proc_open('php', $descriptorspec, $pipes, $cwd, $env);if (is_resource($process)) { // $pipes now looks like this: // 0 => writeable handle connected to child stdin // 1 => readable handle connected to child stdout // Any error output will be appended to /tmp/error-output.txt fwrite($pipes[0], '<?php print_r($_ENV); ?>'); fclose($pipes[0]); echo stream_get_contents($pipes[1]); fclose($pipes[1]); // It is important that you close any pipes before calling // proc_close in order to avoid a deadlock $return_value = proc_close($process); echo "command returned $return_value\n";}?> The above example will output something similar to: Array ( [some_option] => aeiou [PWD] => /tmp [SHLVL] => 1 [_] => /usr/local/bin/php ) command returned 0 Notes Note: Windows compatibility: Descriptors beyond 2 (stderr) are made available to the child process as inheritable handles, but since the Windows architecture does not associate file descriptor numbers with low-level handles, the child process does not (yet) have a means of accessing those handles. Stdin, stdout and stderr work as expected. Note: If you only need a uni-directional (one-way) process pipe, use popen() instead, as it is much easier to use. See Also popen() exec() system() passthru() stream_select() The backtick operator proc_nice proc_terminate Program execution Functions PHP Manual
