MKFS(1) Minix Programmer's Manual MKFS(1)
NAME
mkfs - make a file system
SYNOPSIS
mkfs [-Ldot] [-i inodes] [-b blocks] special prototype
OPTIONS
-L Make a listing on standard output
-d Use mod time of mkfs binary for all files
-o Use a drive other than 0 or 1 (safety precaution)
-t Do not test if file system fits on the medium
-1 Make a version 1 file system (for backward compatibility)
-i Number of i-nodes (files)
-b Filesystem size
EXAMPLES
mkfs /dev/fd1 proto # Make a file system on /dev/fd1
mkfs -b 360 /dev/fd1
# Make empty 360 block file system
mkfs /dev/fd1 360 # Alternate way to specify the size
DESCRIPTION
Mkfs builds a file system and copies specified files to it. The
prototype file tells which directories and files to copy to it. If the
prototype file cannot be opened, and its name is just a string of digits,
an empty file system will be made with the specified number of blocks. A
sample prototype file follows. The text following the # sign in the
example below is comment. In real prototype files, comments are not
allowed.
boot # boot block file (ignored)
360 63 # blocks and i-nodes
d--755 1 1 # root directory
bin d--755 2 1 # bin dir: mode (755), uid (2), gid (1)
sh ---755 2 1 /user/bin/shell # shell has mode rwxr-xr-x
mv -u-755 2 1 /user/bin/mv # u = SETUID bit
login -ug755 2 1 /user/bin/login # SETUID and SETGID
$ # end of /bin
dev d--755 2 1 # special files: tty (char), fd0 (block)
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MKFS(1) Minix Programmer's Manual MKFS(1)
tty c--777 2 1 4 0 # uid=2, gid=1, major=4, minor=0
fd0 b--644 2 1 2 0 360 # uid, gid, major, minor, blocks
$ # end of /dev
user d--755 12 1 # user dir: mode (755), uid (12), gid (1)
ast d--755 12 1 # /user/ast
$ # /user/ast is empty
$ # end of /user
$ # end of root directory
The first entry on each line (except the first 3 and the $ lines, which
terminate directories) is the name the file or directory will get on the
new file system. Next comes its mode, with the first character being -dbc
for regular files, directories, block special files and character special
files, respectively. The next two characters are used to specify the
SETUID and SETGID bits, as shown above. The last three characters of the
mode are the rwx protection bits.
Following the mode are the uid and gid. For special files, the major and
minor devices are needed. The size in blocks must also be specified for
block special files (the MINIX block size is 1K; this can only be changed
by changing BLOCK_SIZE and then recompiling the operating system).
The maximum size of a file system is 1 Gb for a version 2 file system,
and 64 Mb for a version 1 file system. Alas the 8086 fsck runs out of
memory on a V2 file system larger than 128 Mb, so for the 8086 version of
MINIX you have to limit yourself to file systems of that size.
SEE ALSO
mkproto(1), fsck(1), mount(1).
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